O’Brien, Casey, L., Apputhurai, Pragalathan, Knowles, Simon R., Jenkins, Zoe M., Ski, Chantal, Thompson, David, R., Moore, Gaye, Ward, Glen, Loh, Margaret and Castle, David, J. (2022) Initial evaluation of the Optimal Health Program for people with diabetes: 12-month outcomes of a randomised controlled trial. Psychology & Health. ISSN 0887-0446

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate if a new Mental health IN DiabeteS Optimal Health Program (MINDS OHP) compared with usual care in adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes would improve psychosocial outcomes including self-efficacy and quality of life.

Design and Main Outcome Measures This initial randomised controlled trial evaluated MINDS OHP compared with usual care. Participants were recruited through outpatient clinics and community organisations. The intervention group received nine sessions with assessments over twelve months. Primary outcomes were self-efficacy and quality of life. Secondary outcomes included diabetes distress and anxiety.

Results
There were 51 participants in the control group (mean age = 52) and 55 in the intervention group (mean age = 55). There were significant main effects of time in general self-efficacy, diabetes distress, diabetes self-efficacy, and illness perceptions, however no significant between-group differences in primary or secondary outcomes. Post-hoc analyses revealed MINDS OHP improved diabetes self-efficacy for participants with mild to severe depression and anxiety, with a small effect.

Conclusion
Initial evaluation found MINDS OHP was associated with improved diabetes self-efficacy for adults with diabetes, for people with mild to severe levels of distress, with small effect. Further research is required to explore whether this disease-specific, collaborative care-focused intervention benefits the mental health of people with diabetes.

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