Common modality effects in immediate free recall and immediate serial recall

Grenfell-essam, Rachel, Ward, G and Tan, L (2017) Common modality effects in immediate free recall and immediate serial recall. Journal of experimental psychology: learning, memory, and cognition, 43 (12). pp. 1909-1933. ISSN 0022-1015

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Abstract

In 2 experiments, participants were presented with lists of between 2 and 12 words for either immediate free recall (IFR) or immediate serial recall (ISR). Auditory recall advantages at the end of the list (modality effects) and visual recall advantages early in the list (inverse modality effects) were observed in both tasks and the extent and magnitude of these effects were dependent upon list length. Both tasks displayed modality effects with short lists that were large in magnitude but limited to the final serial position, consistent with those observed in the typically short lists used in ISR, and both tasks displayed modality effects with longer lists that were small in magnitude and more extended across multiple end-of-list positions, consistent with those observed in the typically longer lists used in IFR. Inverse modality effects were also observed in both tasks at early list positions on longer lengths. Presentation modality did not affect where recall was initiated, but modality effects were greatest on trials where participants initiated recall with the first item. We argue for a unified account of IFR and ISR. We also assume that the presentation modality affects the encoding of all list items, and that modality effects emerge due to the greater resistance of auditory items to output interference. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: free recall, interference, serial recall, stimulus presentation methods, auditory stimulation, visual stimulation
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions: Faculty of Arts, Business & Applied Social Science > Department of Applied Social Sciences
Depositing User: David Upson-Dale
Date Deposited: 29 Mar 2018 09:23
Last Modified: 04 Sep 2018 11:08
URI: https://oars.uos.ac.uk/id/eprint/550

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