Post-activation potentiation (PAP) mechanisms and responses have a long scientific history. However,to this day, there is still controversy regarding the mechanisms underlying enhanced performance following a conditioning activity. More recently, the term post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has been proposed with differing associated mechanisms and protocols than with PAP. However, these two terms (PAP and PAPE) may not adequately describe all specific potentiation responses and mechanisms and can be also complementary in some cases. Purpose: this commentary presents and discuss the similarities and differences between PAP and PAPE, and subsequently elaborates on a new taxonomy for better describing performance potentiation in sport settings. Conclusion: the taxonomy elaborated proposes the formula "Post-[CONDITIONING ACTIVITY] [VERIFICATION TEST] potentiation in [POPULATION]". This taxonomy would avoid erroneous identification of isolated physiological attributes and provide individualization and better applicability of conditioning protocols in sport settings.